Taxonomic Tree
Of Extremophilic Bacteria
Introduction
Domain bacteria contains the following...
Definitons
Acidophiles: This group includes organisms capable of thriving in hyperacidic conditions, most of which have an optimal growth pH of 5 or lower (OGpH<5)
Hyperacidotolerant, near-acidophilic neutriphiles: This group includes organisms that have an OGpH slightly above this (e.g., Nanoarchaeum equitans, OGpH=6) but can nonetheless be found flourishing in hyperacidic environments (pH=0.5-1.5).
Taxonomic/Phylogenetic Overview of Extremophilic Genera
- Domain: Bacteria
- Kingdom: Fibrobacteres/Chlorobi/Bacteroidetes group
- Superphylum: Bacteroides/Chlorobi group
- Phylum: Bacteroidetes
- Class: Bacteroidia
- Order: Bacteroidales
- Family: Bacteroidaceae
- Genus: Bacteroides (39x; 39-cryo)
- Class: Cytophagia
- Order: Cytophagales
- Family: Cytophagaceae
- Genus: Cytophaga (1x; 1-cryo)
- Kingdom: Terrabacteria
- Phylum: Actinobacteria
- Class: Acidimicrobiia
- Order: Acidimicrobiales
- Family: Acidimicrobiaceae
- Genus: Acidiferrimicrobium (1x; 1-acido)
- Genus: Acidimicrobium (1x; 1-acido)
- Genus: Ferrimicrobium (2x; 2-acido)
- Class: Actinomycetia
- Order: Micrococcales
- Family: Brevibacteriaceae
- Genus: Brevibacterium (36x; 36-cryo)
- Family: Microbacteriaceae
- Genus: Cryobacterium (7x; 7-cryo)
- Family: Micrococcaceae
- Genus: Arthrobacter (54x; 54-cryo, ?1-hypergeo?)
- Class: Rubrobacteria
- Order: Rubrobacterales
- Family: Rubrobacteraceae
- Genus: Rubrobacter (8x; 8-radio)
- Phylum: Cyanobacteria/Melainabacteria group
- Class: Cyanobacteria
- Order: Chroococcidiopsidales
- Family: Chroococcidiopsidaceae
- Genus: Chroococcidiopsis (?-radiocryo+?)
- Phylum: Deinococcota (formerly Deinococcus-Thermus)
- Class: Deinococci
- Order: Deinococcales
- Family: Deinococcaceae
- Genus: Deinococcus (85x; 85-cryo, 85-hypobaro, 85-xero, 85-radio, ?85+)
- Phylum: Firmicutes
- Class: Bacilli
- Order: Bacillales
- Family: Alicyclobacillaceae
- Genus: Alicyclobacillus (1x; 1-thermo, 1-acido, 1-thermoacido, 1-spore)
- Family: Bacillaceae
- Genus: Bacillus (91x; 91-spore, 6-thermo, 1-acido, ?-thermoacido?)
- Genus: Virgibacillus (34x; 34-spore, 9-halo)
- Family: Incertae sedis
- Genus: Exiguobacterium (?-hypobaro)
- Class: Clostridia
- Order: Eubacteriales
- Family: Clostridiaceae
- Genus: Anoxynatronum (1x; 1-alkali)
- Genus: Clostridium (155x; 155-spore)
- Family: Peptococcaceae
- Genus: Desulfotomaculum (31x; 31-spore, 17-thermo, 1-alkali, 3-halo, ?-poly?)
- Family: Incertae sedis
- Genus: Sulfobacillus (5x; 5-acido, 5-spore)
- Kingdom: Bacteria Incertae sedis → acidobacteria/acidobacteriota
- Phylum: Acidobacteria/acidobacteriota
- Class: Acidobacteriia
- Order: Acidobacteriales
- Family: Acidobacteriaceae
- Genus: Acidobacterium (2x; 2-acido)
- Genus: Bryocella (1x; 1-acido)
- Genus: Telmatobacter (1x; 1-acido)
- Kingdom: Bacteria Incertae sedis → aquificae
- Phylum: Aquificae
- Class: Aquificidae
- Order: Aquificales
- Family: Aquifaceae
- Genus: Aquifex (2x; 2-thermo)
- Genus: Hydrogenobacter (3x; 3-thermo, 2-acido, 2-thermoacido)
- Genus: Hydrogenobaculum (1x; 1-thermo, 1-acido, 1-thermoacido)
- Kingdom: Bacteria Incertae sedis → desulfobacteriota
- Phylum: Desulfobacteriota
- Class: Thermodesulfobacteria
- Order: Thermodesulfobacteriales
- Family: Thermodesulfobacteriaceae
- Genus: Geothermobacterium (1x; 1-thermo)
- Kingdom: Bacteria Incertae sedis → nirospirae
- Phylum: Nitrospirae
- Class: Nitrospira
- Order: Nitrospirales
- Family: Nitrospiraceae
- Genus: Leptospirillum (3x; 3-acido)
- Kingdom: Bacteria Incertae sedis → proteobacteria
- Phylum: Proteobacteria
- Class: Acidithiobacilla
- Order: Acidithiobacillales
- Family: Acidithiobacillaceae
- Genus: Acidithiobacillus (7x; 7-acido)
- Class: Alphaproteobacteria
- Order: Rhodospirallales
- Family: Acetobacteraceae
- Genus: Acetobacter (29x; 29-acido)
- Genus: Acidiphilium (6x; 6-acido)
- Genus: Acidocella (3x; 3-acido)
- Genus: Acidomonas (1x; 1-acido)
- Order: Hyphomonadales
- Family: Hyphomonadaceae
- Genus: Hyphomonas (11x; 11-cryo)
- Class: Betaproteobacteria
- Order: Burkholderiales
- Family: Alcaligenaceae
- Genus: Achromobacter (22x; 22-cryo)
- Genus: Alcaligenes (4x; 4-cryo)
- Family: Comamonadaceae
- Genus: Thiomonas (1x; 1-acido)
- Order: Neisseriales
- Family: Chromobacteriaceae
- Genus: Aquaspirillum (6x; 6-cryo)
- Order: Nitrosomonadales
- Family: Gallionellaceae
- Genus: Gallionella (1x; 1-acido)
- Family: Thiobacillaceae
- Genus: Thiobacillus (4x; 4-acido)
- Class: Gammaproteobacteria
- Order: Alteromonadales
- Family: Alteromonadaceae
- Genus: Alteromonas (29x; 29-cryo)
- Family: Colwelliaceae
- Genus: Colwellia (23x; 23-cryo)
- Order: Chromatiales
- Family: Ectothiorhodospiraceae
- Genus: Halorhodospira (1x; 1-alkali, 1-halo, 1-haloalkali)
- Genus: Thiohalospira (1x; 1-alkali, 1-haloacido, 1-haloalkali)
- Order: Pseudomonadales
- Family: Moraxellaceae
- Genus: Psychrobacter (35x; 35-cryo, 35-radio)
- Family: Pseudomonadaceae
- Genus: Pseudomonas (5x; 5-cryo)
- Clade: Delta/Epsilon subdivisions
- Class: Deltaproteobacteria
- Order: Desulfobacterales
- Family: Desulfobacteraceae
- Genus: Desulfobacter (1x; 1-acido)
- Genus: Desulfosarcina (1x; 1-acido)
- Family: Desulfobulbaceae
- Genus: Desulfobulbus (5x; 5-halo)
- Order: Desulfovibrionales
- Family: Desulfomicrobiaceae
- Genus: Desulfomicrobium (2x; 1-thermo, 1-acido+)
- Family: Desulfovibrionaceae
- Genus: Desulfovibrio (3x; 1-thermo, 1-acido, 1-halo)
- Class: Epsilonproteobacteria
- Order: Campylobacterales
- Family: Helicobacteraceae
- Genus: Helicobacter (1x; 1-acido)
- Kingdom: Bacteria Incertae sedis → thermotogae
- Phylum: Thermotogae
- Class: ???
- Order: Thermotogales
- Family: Thermotogaceae
- Genus: Thermotoga (11x; 11-thermo)