Bacterial X-Philes Master List
Complete List of Extremophilic & Extremotolerant Prokaryotes
Introduction
This page is under construction.
Definitons
Acidophiles: This group includes organisms capable of thriving in hyperacidic conditions, most of which have an optimal growth pH of 5 or lower (OGpH<5)
Hyperacidotolerant, near-acidophilic neutriphiles: This group includes organisms that have an OGpH slightly above this (e.g., Nanoarchaeum equitans, OGpH=6) but can nonetheless be found flourishing in hyperacidic environments (pH=0.5-1.5).
Alphabetical List
Genus & Species | Temperature T°C range |
Pressure kPa range |
Proton pH range |
Water aw range |
Salt NaCl range |
Radiation Gy range |
||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
low_T°C | OGT°C | high_T°C | low_kPa | OGkPa | high_kPa | min._pH | OGpH | max._pH | low_aw | OGaw | high_aw | low_NaCl | OGNaCl | high_NaCl | low_Gy | OGGy | high_Gy | |
Aquifex aeolicus | - | 85-95 | >95 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Aquifex pyrophilus | - | 85-95 | >95 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
In-Line Citations by Genus & species
Genus & Species | Source | ||
---|---|---|---|
Acetobacter aceti | Johnson, 1998 | ||
* Achromobacter aegrifaciens | Vandamme &al., 2014 | ||
* Achromobacter agilis | Vandamme &al., 2016 | ||
* Achromobacter aloeverae | Kuncharoen &al., 2017 | ||
* Achromobacter animicus | Vandamme &al., 2013 | ||
* Achromobacter anxifer | Vandamme &al., 2014 | ||
* Achromobacter deleyi | Vandamme &al., 2016 | ||
* Achromobacter dentrificans | (Ruger &Tan, 1983) Coenye &al., 2003 | ||
* Achromobacter dolens | Vandamme &al., 2016 | ||
* Achromobacter insolitus | Coenye &al., 2003 | ||
* Achromobacter insuavis | Vandamme &al., 2014 | ||
* Achromobacter kerstersii | Vandamme &al., 2016 | ||
* Achromobacter marplatensis | Gomila &al., 2011 | ||
* Achromobacter mucicolens | Vandamme &al., 2013 | ||
* Achromobacter pestifer | (Frankland & Frankland, 1887) Vandamme &al., 2016 | ||
* Achromobacter piechaudii | (Kiredjian &al., 1986) Yabuuchi &al., 1998 | ||
* Achromobacter pulmonis | Vandamme &al., 2013 | ||
* Achromobacter ruhlandii | (Packer &Vishniac, 1955) Yabuuchi &al., 1998 | ||
* Achromobacter sediminum | Zhang &al., 2014 | ||
* Achromobacter spanius | Coenye &al., 2003 | ||
* Achromobacter spiritinus | Vandamme &al., 2013 | ||
* Achromobacter veterisilvae | Dumolin &al., 2020 | ||
* Achromobacter xylosoxidans | (Yabuuchi & Ohyama, 1971) Yabuuchi & Yano, 1981 | ||
* Achromobacter ssp. | Morita & Moyer, 2001 | ||
Acidiphilium acidophilum
(Thiobacillus acidophilus) |
Johnson, 1998 | ||
Acidiphilium multivorum | (Dopson 2003) | Acidithiobacillus albertensis
(Thiobacillus albertis) |
Johnson, 1998; Fashola &al., 2015 |
Acidithiobacillus caldus
(Thiobacillus caldus) |
Johnson, 1998; Fashola &al., 2015; Zhang &al., 2015 |
||
Acidithiobacillus ferridurans | () | ||
Acidithiobacillus ferriphilus | () | ||
Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans | (Fashola &al., 2015) | ||
Acidithiobacillus ferro(o)xidans
(Thiobacillus ferrooxidans) |
Johnson, 1998; Fashola &al., 2015; Zhang &al., 2015 | ||
Acidithiobacillus thioxidans
(Thiobacillus thioxidans) |
Johnson, 1998; Fashola &al., 2015; Zhang &al., 2015 | ||
Acidobacterium capsulatum | Johnson, 1998; Fashola &al., 2015 | ||
Acidimicrobium ferroxidans | Johnson, 1998; Fashola &al., 2015 | ||
Acidocella spp. | Johnson, 1998 | ||
Acidomonas methanolica | Johnson, 1998 | ||
* Alcaligenes aquatilis | Van Trappen &al., 2005 | ||
* Alcaligenes endophyticus | Lu &al., 2017 | ||
* Alcaligenes faecalis | Castellani & Chalmers, 1919 | ||
* Alcaligenes pakistanensis | Abbas &al., 2016 | ||
* Alcaligenes ssp. | Morita & Moyer, 2001 | ||
Alicyclobacillus thermosulfidooxidans | Johnson, 1998 | ||
Alicyclobacillus thermosulfidooxidans
(Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans) |
Johnson, 1998; Fashola &al., 2015; Zhang &al., 2015 | ||
* Alteromonas addita | Ivanova &al., 2005 | ||
* Alteromonas aestuariivivens | Park &al., 2017 | ||
* Alteromonas alba | Sun &al., 2019 | ||
* Alteromonas australica | Ivanova &al., 2013 | ||
* Alteromonas confluentis | Park &al., 2015 | ||
* Alteromonas facilis | Zhang &al., 2020 | ||
* Alteromonas flava | Zhang &al., 2020 | ||
* Alteromonas fortis | Barbeyron &al., 2019 | ||
* Alteromonas genovensis | Vandecandelaere &al., 2008 | ||
* Alteromonas gracilis | Matsuyama &al., 2015 | ||
*+ Alteromonas halophila (halophile?) | Chen &al., 2012 | ||
* Alteromonas hispanica | Martinez-Checa &al., 2005 | ||
* Alteromonas lipolytica | Shi &al., 2017 | ||
* Alteromonas litorea | Yoon &al., 2003 | ||
* Alteromonas macleodii | Baumann &al., 1972 | ||
* Alteromonas marina | Yoon &al., 2003 | ||
* Alteromonas mediterranea | Ivanova &al., 2015 | ||
* Alteromonas naphthalenivorans | Jin &al., 2015 | ||
* Alteromonas nigrifaciens | (White &al., 1940) Baumann &al., 1984 | ||
* Alteromonas oceani | Jin &al., 2018 | ||
* Alteromonas pelagimontana | Sinha &al., 2017 | ||
* Alteromonas marina | Yoon &al., 2003 | ||
* Alteromonas ponticola | Kim &al., 2020 | ||
* Alteromonas portus | Huang &al., 2020 | ||
* Alteromonas profundi | Shen &al., 2020 | ||
* Alteromonas sediminis | Ye &al., 2019 | ||
* Alteromonas simiduii | Chiu &al., 2007 | ||
* Alteromonas stellipolaris | Van Trappen &al., 2004 | ||
* Alteromonas tagae | Simidu &al., 1990 | ||
* Alteromonas ssp. | Morita & Moyer, 2001 | ||
* Aquaspirillum arcticum | Butler &al., 1990 | ||
* Aquaspirillum bengal | Kumar &al., 1974 | ||
* Aquaspirillum polymorphum | (Williams & Ritten, 1980) Hylemon &al., 1973 | ||
* Aquaspirillum putridiconchylium | (Terasaki, 1961) Hylemon &al., 1973 | ||
* Aquaspirillum serpens | (Muller, 1786) Hylemon &al., 1973 | ||
* Aquaspirillum soli | Moya &al., 2017 | ||
* Aquaspirillum ssp. | Morita & Moyer, 2001 | ||
Aquifex aeolicus | Deckert &al., 1998 | ||
Aquifex pyrophilus | Huber & Stetter, 1992 | ||
* Arthrobacter agilis | (Ali-Cohen, 1889) Koch &al., 1995 | ||
*+ Arthrobacter alkaliphilus | Ding &al., 2009 | ||
* Arthrobacter alpinus | Zhang &al., 2010 | ||
* Arthrobacter bambusae | Park &al., 2014 | ||
* Arthrobacter bussei | Flegler &al., 2020 | ||
* Arthrobacter castelli | Heyrman &al., 2005 | ||
* Arthrobacter celericrescens | Yan &al., 2019 | ||
* Arthrobacter citreus | Sacks, 1954 | ||
* Arthrobacter cryoconiti | Margesin &al., 2012 | ||
* Arthrobacter crystallopoietes | Ensign & Rittenberg, 1963 | ||
* Arthrobacter cupressi | Zhang &al., 2012 | ||
* Arthrobacter deserti | Hu &al., 2016 | ||
* Arthrobacter echini | Lee &al., 2016 | ||
* Arthrobacter flavus | Reddy &al., 2000 | ||
* Arthrobacter gandavensis | Storms &al., 2003 | ||
* Arthrobacter ginkgonis | Cheng &al., 2017 | ||
* Arthrobacter glacialis | Liu &al., 2019 | ||
* Arthrobacter globiformis | (Conn, 1928) Conn & Dimmick, 1947 | ||
* Arthrobacter gyeryongensis | Hoang &al., 2014 | ||
*+? Arthrobacter halodurans | Chen &al., 2012 | ||
* Arthrobacter humicola | Kageyama &al., 2008 | ||
* Arthrobacter koreensis | Lee &al., 2003 | ||
* Arthrobacter liuii | Yu &al., 2015 | ||
* Arthrobacter livingstonensis | Ganzert &al., 2011 | ||
* Arthrobacter luteolus | Wauters &al., 2000 | ||
* Arthrobacter methylotrophus | Borodina &al., 2002 | ||
* Arthrobacter mobilis | Ye &al., 2020 | ||
* Arthrobacter monumenti | Heyrman &al., 2005 | ||
* Arthrobacter nanjingensis | Huang &al., 2015 | ||
* Arthrobacter orzyae | Kageyama &al., 2008 | ||
* Arthrobacter paludis | Zhang &al., 2018 | ||
* Arthrobacter parietis | Heyrman &al., 2005 | ||
* Arthrobacter pascens | Lochhead & Burton, 1953 | ||
* Arthrobacter pigmenti | Heyrman &al., 2005 | ||
* Arthrobacter pityocampae | Ince &al., 2014 | ||
* Arthrobacter pokkalii | Krishnan &al., 2017 | ||
* Arthrobacter psychrochitiniphilus | Wang &al., 2009 | ||
* Arthrobacter psychrolactophilus | Loveland-Curtze &al., 2000 | ||
* Arthrobacter ramosus | Jensen, 1960 | ||
* Arthrobacter rhombi | Osorio &al., 1999 | ||
* Arthrobacter roseus | Reddy &al., 2002 | ||
* Arthrobacter ruber | Liu &al., 2018 | ||
* Arthrobacter russicus | Li &al., 2004 | ||
* Arthrobacter silvisoli | Yan &al., 2018 | ||
* Arthrobacter silviterrae | Lee &al., 2017 | ||
* Arthrobacter stackerbrandtii | Tvrzova &al., 2005 | ||
* Arthrobacter subterraneus | Chang &al., 2008 | ||
* Arthrobacter tecti | Heyrman &al., 2005 | ||
* Arthrobacter terricola | Trinh & Kim, 2021 | ||
* Arthrobacter tumbae | Heyrman &al., 2005 | ||
* Arthrobacter ulcerisalmonis | Kampfer &al., 2020 | ||
* Arthrobacter woluwensis | Funke &al., 1997 | ||
* Arthrobacter yangruifuii | Ge &al., 2020 | ||
* Arthrobacter zhaeoguopingii | Ge &al., 2020 | ||
* Arthrobacter ssp. | Morita & Moyer, 2001 | ||
* Bacillus acidicola | Albert &al. 2005 | ||
* Bacillus aerius | Shivaji &al., 2014 | ||
* Bacillus aerophilus | Shivaji &al., 2006 | ||
* Bacillus albus | Liu &al., 2017 | ||
* Bacillus altitudinis | Shivaji &al., 2006 | ||
* Bacillus alveayuensis | Bae &al., 2005 | ||
* Bacillus amyloliquefaciens | (Fukumoto, 1943) Priest &al., 1987 | ||
* Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax) | Cohn, 1872 | ||
* Bacillus aquiflavi | Xie &al., 2020 | ||
* Bacillus atrophaeus | Nakamura, 1989 | ||
* Bacillus australimaris | Liu &al., 2016 | ||
* Bacillus badius | Batchelor, 1919 | ||
* Bacillus benzoevorans | Pichinoty &al., 1987 | ||
* Bacillus cabrialesii | de Los Santos Villalobos &al., 2019 | ||
* Bacillus canaveralius | Newcombe &al., 2009 | ||
* Bacillus capparidis | Wang &al., 2017 | ||
* Bacillus cereus | Frankland & Frankland, 1887 | ||
* Bacillus chungangensis | Cho &al., 2010 | ||
* Bacillus cahuilensisereus | Cerritos &al., 2008 | ||
* Bacillus cytotoxicus | Guinebretiere &al., 2013 | ||
* Bacillus decisifrondis | Zhang &al., 2007 | ||
* Bacillus ectoiniformans | Zhu &al., 2016 | ||
* Bacillus enclensis | Dastager &al., 2014 | ||
* Bacillus fengquiuensis | Zhao &al., 2014 | ||
* Bacillus fungorum | Liu &al., 2020 | ||
* Bacillus glycinifermentans | Kim &al., 2015 | ||
* Bacillus gobiensisectoiniformans | Liu &al., 2016 | ||
* Bacillus halotolerans | (Delaporte & Sasson, 1967) Tindall &al., 2017 | ||
* Bacillus heynesii | Dunlap &al., 2017 | ||
* Bacillus horti | Yumoto &al., 1998 | ||
* Bacillus inaquosorum | (Rooney &al., 2009) Dunlap &al., 2020 | ||
* Bacillus infantis | Ko &al., 2006 | ||
* Bacillus infernus | Boone &al., 1995 | ||
* Bacillus isabeliae | Albuquerque &al., 2008 | ||
* Bacillus kexueae | Sun &al., 2018 | ||
* Bacillus licheniformis | (Weigmann, 1898) Chester, 1901 | ||
* Bacillus luti | Liu &al., 2017 | ||
* Bacillus manusensis | Sun &al., 2018 | ||
* Bacillus marinisedimentorum | Guo &al., 2018 | ||
* Bacillus mesophilus | Manickam &al., 2014 | ||
* Bacillus methanolicus | Arfman &al., 1992 | ||
* Bacillus mobilis | Liu &al., 2017 | ||
* Bacillus mojavensis | Roberts &al., 1994 | ||
* Bacillus mycoides | Flugge &al., 1886 | ||
* Bacillus nakamurai | Dunlap &al., 2016 | ||
* Bacillus ndiopicus | Lo &al., 2017 | ||
* Bacillus nitratireducens | Guo &al., 2016 | ||
* Bacillus oleivorans | Azmatunnisa &al., 2015 | ||
* Bacillus pacificus | Liu &al., 2017 | ||
* Bacillus pakistanensis | Roohi &al., 2014 | ||
* Bacillus paralicheniformis | Dunlap &al., 2015 | ||
* Bacillus paramycoides | Liu &al., 2017 | ||
* Bacillus paranthracis | Liu &al., 2017 | ||
* Bacillus pervagus | Kosowski &al., 2014 | ||
* Bacillus priscicola | Lee &al., 2016 | ||
* Bacillus proteolyticus | Liu &al., 2017 | ||
* Bacillus pseudomycoides | Nakamura, 2018 | ||
* Bacillus pumilus | Meyer & Gottheil, 1901 | ||
* Bacillus safensis | Satomi &al., 2006 | ||
* Bacillus salacetis | Daroonpunt &al., 2019 | ||
* Bacillus salinus | Kang &al., 2020 | ||
* Bacillus salitolerans | Zhang &al., 2015 | ||
* Bacillus seohaeanensis | Lee &al., 2006 | ||
* Bacillus siamensis | Sumpavapol &al., 2010 | ||
* Bacillus shivajii | Kumar &al., 2018 | ||
* Bacillus smithii | Nakamura &al., 1988 | ||
* Bacillus solimangrovi | Lee &al., 2014 | ||
* Bacillus songklensis | Kang &al., 2013 | ||
* Bacillus sonoresnis | Palmisano &al., 2001 | ||
* Bacillus spizizenii | (Nakamura &al., 1999) Dunlap &al., 2020 | ||
* Bacillus spongiae | Lee &al., 2019 | ||
* Bacillus stercoris | (Adelskov & Patel, 2017) Dunlap &al., 2020 | ||
* Bacillus stratosphericus | Shivaji &al., 2006 | ||
Bacillus subtilis | (Ehrenberg 1835) Cohn 1872 | ||
Bacillus swezeyi | Dunlap &al., 2017 | ||
* Bacillus taeanensis | Lim &al., 2006 | ||
* Bacillus tamaricis | Zhang &al., 2018 | ||
* Bacillus tequilensis | Gatson &al., 2006 | ||
* Bacillus thermocloacae | Demharter & Hensel, 1989 | ||
* Bacillus thermotolerans | Yang &al., 2013 | ||
* Bacillus thuringiensis | Burlinger, 1915 | ||
* Bacillus tianshenii | Jiang &al., 2014 | ||
* Bacillus toyonensis | Jimenez &al., 2014 | ||
* Bacillus tropicus | Liu &al., 2017 | ||
* Bacillus vallismortis | Roberts &al., 1996 | ||
* Bacillus velezensis | Ruis-Garcia &al., 2005 | ||
* Bacillus wiedmannii | Miller &al., 2016 | ||
* Bacillus wudalienchiensis | Liu &al., 2017 | ||
* Bacillus xiamenensis | Lai &al., 2014 | ||
* Bacillus xiapuensis | Liu &al., 2019 | ||
* Bacillus zhangzhouensis | Liu &al., 2016 | ||
* Bacillus sp. | Schuerger & Nicholson, 2016 | ||
* Bacteroides acidifaciens | Miyamoto & Itoh, 2000 | ||
* Bacteroides caccae | Johnson &al., 1986 | ||
* Bacteroides caecicola | Irisawa &al., 2016 | ||
* Bacteroides caecigallinarum | Saptura &al., 2015 | ||
* Bacteroides caecimuris | Lagkouvardos &al., 2016 | ||
* Bacteroides cellulosilyticus | Robert &al., 2007 | ||
* Bacteroides clarus | Watanabe &al., 2010 | ||
* Bacteroides coprosuis | Whitehead &al., 2005 | ||
* Bacteroides eggerthii | Holdeman & Moore, 1974 | ||
* Bacteroides faecalis | Yu &al., 2019 | ||
* Bacteroides faecichinchillae | Kitahara &al., 2012 | ||
* Bacteroides faecis | Kim &al., 2010 | ||
* Bacteroides finegoldii | Bakir &al., 2006 | ||
* Bacteroides fluxus | Watanabe &al., 2010 | ||
* Bacteroides fragilis | (Veillon & Zuber, 1898) Castellani & Chalmers, 1919 | ||
* Bacteroides galacturonicus | Jensen & Canale-Parola, 1987 | ||
* Bacteroides gallinaceum | Irisawa &al., 2016 | ||
* Bacteroides gallinarum | Lan &al., 2006 | ||
* Bacteroides graminisolvens | Nishiyama &al., 2009 | ||
* Bacteroides helcogenes | Benno &al., 1983 | ||
* Bacteroides instestinalis | Bakir &al., 2006 | ||
* Bacteroides koreensis | Shin &al., 2017 | ||
* Bacteroides kribbi | Shin &al., 2017 | ||
* Bacteroides luti | Hatamoto &al., 2014 | ||
* Bacteroides nordii | Song &al., 2005 | ||
* Bacteroides oleiciplenus | Watanabe &al., 2010 | ||
* Bacteroides ovatus | Eggerth & Gagnon, 1933 | ||
* Bacteroides pectinophilus | Jensen & Canale-Parola, 1987 | ||
* Bacteroides polypragmatus | Patel & Breuil, 1982 | ||
* Bacteroides propionicifaciens | Ueki &al., 2008 | ||
* Bacteroides pyrogenes | Benno &al., 1983 | ||
* Bacteroides reticulotermitis | Sakamoto & Ohkuma, 2013 | ||
* Bacteroides rodentium | Kitahara &al., 2011 | ||
* Bacteroides salyersiae | Song &al., 2005 | ||
* Bacteroides stercorirosoris | Kitahara &al., 2012 | ||
* Bacteroides stercoris | Johnson &al., 1986 | ||
* Bacteroides thetataiotaomicron | (Distaso, 1912) Castellani & Chalmers, 1919 | ||
* Bacteroides uniformis | Eggerth & Gagnon, 1933 | ||
* Bacteroides xylanolyticus | Scholten-Koerselman &al., 1988 | ||
* Bacteroides ssp. | Morita & Moyer, 2001 | ||
* Brevibacterium album | Tang &al., 2008 | ||
* Brevibacterium ammoniilyticum | Kim &al., 2013 | ||
* Brevibacterium anseongense | Jung &al., 2019 | ||
* Brevibacterium antiquum | Gavrish &al., 2005 | ||
* Brevibacterium aurantiacum | Gavrish &al., 2005 | ||
* Brevibacterium avium | Pascual & Collins, 1999 | ||
* Brevibacterium casei | Collins &al., 1983 | ||
* Brevibacterium celere | Ivanova &al., 2004 | ||
* Brevibacterium daeguense | Cui &al., 2013 | ||
* Brevibacterium epidermidis | Collins &al., 1983 | ||
* Brevibacterium frigoritolerans | Delaporte & Sasson, 1967 | ||
* Brevibacterium hankyongi | Choi &al., 2018 | ||
* Brevibacterium iodinum | (Davis, 1939) Collins &al., 1981 | ||
* Brevibacterium jeotgali | Choi &al., 2013 | ||
* Brevibacterium linens | (Wolff, 1910) Breed, 1953 | ||
* Brevibacterium luteolum | Wauters &al., 2003 | ||
* Brevibacterium linens | (Wolff, 1910) Breed, 1953 | ||
* Brevibacterium marinum | Lee, 2008 | ||
* Brevibacterium mcbrellneri | McBride &al., 1994 | ||
* Brevibacterium oceani | Bhadra &al., 2008 | ||
* Brevibacterium otitidis | Pascual, 1996 | ||
* Brevibacterium paucivorans | Wauters &al., 2001 | ||
* Brevibacterium permense | Gavrish &al., 2005 | ||
* Brevibacterium picturae | Heyrman &al., 2004 | ||
* Brevibacterium pityocampae | Kati &al., 2010 | ||
* Brevibacterium profundi | Pei &al., 2020 | ||
* Brevibacterium ravenspurgense | Mages &al., 2009 | ||
* Brevibacterium rongguiense | Deng &al., 2020 | ||
*+ Brevibacterium salitolerans | Guan &al., 2010 | ||
* Brevibacterium samyangense | Lee, 2006 | ||
* Brevibacterium sandarakinum | Kampfer &al., 2010 | ||
* Brevibacterium sanguinis | Wauters &al., 2004 | ||
* Brevibacterium sediminis | Chen &al., 2004 | ||
* Brevibacterium senegalense | Kokcha &al., 2013 | ||
* Brevibacterium siliguriense | Kumar &al., 2013 | ||
* Brevibacterium yomogidense | Tonouchi &al., 2013 | ||
* Brevibacterium ssp. | Morita & Moyer, 2001 | ||
Bryocella elongata | () | ||
Bacillus_sp. | Schuerger & Nicholson, 2016 | ||
† Carnobacterium alterfunditum | Nicholson &al., 2013 | ||
† Carnobacterium divergens | Nicholson &al., 2013 | ||
† Carnobacterium funditum | Nicholson &al., 2013 | ||
† Carnobacterium gallinarum | Nicholson &al., 2013 | ||
† Carnobacterium inhibens | Nicholson &al., 2013 | ||
† Carnobacterium maltaromaticum | Nicholson &al., 2013 | ||
† Carnobacterium mobile | Nicholson &al., 2013 | ||
† Carnobacterium pleistocenium | Nicholson &al., 2013 | ||
† Carnobacterium viridans | Nicholson &al., 2013 | ||
* Clostridium aceticum | Wieringa, 1940 | ||
* Clostridium acetireducens | Orlygsson &al., 1996 | ||
* Clostridium acetobutylicum | McCoy &al., 1926 | ||
* Clostridium acidisoli | Kuhner &al., 2000 | ||
* Clostridium aestuarii | Kim &al., 2007 | ||
* Clostridium akagii | Kuhner &al., 2000 | ||
* Clostridium algidicarnis | Lawson &al., 1995 | ||
* Clostridium algifaecis | Wu &al., 2014 | ||
* Clostridium algoriphilum | Shcherbakova &al., 2010 | ||
* Clostridium amazonense | O’Neal &al., 2015 | ||
* Clostridium aminophilum | Paster &al., 1993 | ||
* Clostridium amylolyticum | Song & Dong, 2008 | ||
* Clostridium arbusti | Jung &al., 2010 | ||
* Clostridium arcticum | Jordan & McNicol, 1979 | ||
* Clostridium argentinense | Suen &al., 1988 | ||
* Clostridium atrophaeus | Nakamura, 1989 | ||
* Clostridium aurantibutyricum | Hellinger, 1944 | ||
* Clostridium baratii | Prevot, 1938 | ||
* Clostridium beihaiense | Dong &al., 2018 | ||
* Clostridium beijerinckii | Donker, 1926 | ||
* Clostridium bornimense | Hahnke &al., 2014 | ||
* Clostridium botulinum | van Ermengem, 1896 | ||
* Clostridium bovifaecis | Zhu &al., 2018 | ||
* Clostridium bowmanii | Spring &al., 2003 | ||
* Clostridium budayi | Le Blaye, 1914 | ||
* Clostridium butyricum | Prazmowski, 1880 | ||
* Clostridium cadaveris | Klein, 1899 | ||
* Clostridium carboxidivorans | Liou &al., 2005 | ||
* Clostridium carnis | Klein, 1904 | ||
* Clostridium cavendishii | Bowman &al., 2010 | ||
* Clostridium celatum | Hauschild & Holdeman, 1974 | ||
* Clostridium cellulosi | He &al., 1991 | ||
* Clostridium cellulovorans | Sleat &al., 1985 | ||
* Clostridium chartatabidum | Kelly &al., 1996 | ||
* Clostridium chauvoei | Arloing &al., 1887 | ||
* Clostridium chromiireducens | Inglett, 2011 | ||
* Clostridium clostridioforme | Burri & Ankersmit, 1906 | ||
* Clostridium cochlearium | Douglas, 1919 | ||
* Clostridium cocleatum | Kaneuchi &al., 1979 | ||
* Clostridium colicanis | Greetham &al., 2003 | ||
* Clostridium colinum | Berkhoff &al., 1974 | ||
* Clostridium collagenovorans | Jain & Zeikus, 1988 | ||
* Clostridium combesii | Prevot & Laplanche, 1947 | ||
* Clostridium composti | Shin &al., 2018 | ||
* Clostridium cylindrosporum | Barker & Beck, 1942 | ||
* Clostridium disporicum | Horn, 1987 | ||
* Clostridium drakei | Liou &al., 2005 | ||
* Clostridium estertheticum | Collins &al., 1993 | ||
* Clostridium fallax | Weinberg & Seguin, 1915 | ||
* Clostridium felsineum | Carbone & Tombolato, 1917 | ||
* Clostridium fermenticellae | Xu &al., 2019 | ||
* Clostridium fessum | Seo &al., 2020 | ||
* Clostridium fimetarium | Kotsyurbenko &al., 1997 | ||
* Clostridium formicaceticum | Andreesen &al., 1970 | ||
* Clostridium frigidicarnus | Broda &al., 1999 | ||
* Clostridium frigoris | Spring &al., 2003 | ||
* Clostridium ganghwense | Kim &al., 2006 | ||
* Clostridium gasigenes | Broda &al., 2000 | ||
* Clostridium granti | Mountfort &al., 1996 | ||
* Clostridium guangxiense | Zhao &al., 2017 | ||
* Clostridium haemolyticum | Hall, 1929 | ||
* Clostridium halophilum | Fendrich &al., 1991 | ||
* Clostridium herbivorans | Varel &al., 1995 | ||
* Clostridium hiranonis | Kitahara &al., 2001 | ||
* Clostridium histolyticum | Weinberg & Seguin, 1916 | ||
* Clostridium homopropionicum | Dorner & Schink, 1991 | ||
* Clostridium huakuii | Ruan &al., 2014 | ||
* Clostridium hydrogeniformans | Bowman &al., 2010 | ||
* Clostridium hylemonae | Kitahara &al., 2000 | ||
* Clostridium indicum | Gundawar &al., 2019 | ||
* Clostridium innocuum | Smith & King, 1962 | ||
* Clostridium intestinale | Lee &al., 1989 | ||
* Clostridium irregulare | Choukevitch, 1911 | ||
* Clostridium isatidis | Padden &al., 1999 | ||
* Clostridium jeddahense | Lagier &al., 2016 | ||
* Clostridium kluyveri | Barker & Taha, 1942 | ||
* Clostridium lacusfryxellense | Spring &al., 2003 | ||
* Clostridium leptum | Moore &al., 1976 | ||
* Clostridium liquoris | Yin &al., 2016 | ||
* Clostridium ljungdahlii | Tanner &al., 1993 | ||
* Clostridium lundense | Cirne &al., 2006 | ||
* Clostridium luticellarii | Wang &al., 2015 | ||
* Clostridium magnum | Schink, 1984 | ||
* Clostridium malenominatum | Weinberg &al., 1937 | ||
* Clostridium methoxybenzovorans | Mechichi &al., 1999 | ||
* Clostridium methylpentosum | Himelbloom & Canale-Parola, 1989 | ||
* Clostridium moniliforme | Repaci, 1910 | ||
* Clostridium neonatale | Bernard &al., 2018 | ||
* Clostridium neuense | Zhao &al., 2017 | ||
* Clostridium nexile | Holdeman & Moore, 1974 | ||
* Clostridium nitritogenes | Prevot, 1940 | ||
* Clostridium nitrophenolicum | Suresh &al., 2007 | ||
* Clostridium novyi | Migula, 1900 | ||
* Clostridium oceanicum | Smith, 1970 | ||
* Clostridium oryzae | Horino &al., 2015 | ||
* Clostridium pabulibutyricum | Kobayashi &al., 2017 | ||
* Clostridium paradoxum | Li &al., 1993 | ||
* Clostridium paraputrificum | Bienstock, 1906 | ||
* Clostridium pascui | Wilde &al., 1997 | ||
* Clostridium pasteurianum | Winogradsky, 1985 | ||
* Clostridium peptidovorans | Mechichi &al., 2000 | ||
* Clostridium perfringens
(formerly C. welchii) |
Veillon & Zuber, 1898 | ||
* Clostridium phytofermentans | Warnick &al., 2002 | ||
* Clostridium piliforme | Tyzzer, 1917 | ||
* Clostridium polyendosporum | Duda &al., 1996 | ||
* Clostridium polysaccharolyticum | van Glyswyk, 1981 | ||
* Clostridium populeti | Sleat & Mah, 1985 | ||
* Clostridium prolinivorans | Huang &al., 2020 | ||
* Clostridium psychrophilum | Spring &al., 2003 | ||
* Clostridium punense | Lanjekar &al., 2015 | ||
* Clostridium puniceam | Lund &al., 1981 | ||
* Clostridium putrefaciens | McBryde, 1911 | ||
* Clostridium quinii | Svensson &al., 1995 | ||
* Clostridium ramosum | Veillon & Zuber, 1898 | ||
* Clostridium roseum | McCoy & McClung, 1935 | ||
* Clostridium saccharobutylicum | Kleis &al., 2001 | ||
* Clostridium saccharogumia | Clavel &al., 2007 | ||
* Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum | Kleis &al., 2001 | ||
* Clostridium sardiniense
(aka Clostridium absonum |
Prevot, 1938 | ||
* Clostridium sartagoforme | Partansky & Henry, 1935 | ||
* Clostridium saudiense | Angelakis &al., 2016 | ||
* Clostridium scidens | Morris &al., 1985 | ||
* Clostridium senagelense | Mishra &al., 2015 | ||
* Clostridium septicum | Macé, 1889 | ||
* Clostridium spiroforme | Kaneuchi &al., 1979 | ||
* Clostridium sporogenes | Metchnikoff, 1908 | ||
* Clostridium sporosphaeroides | Soriano & Soriano, 1948 | ||
* Clostridium subterminale | Hall & Whitehead, 1927 | ||
* Clostridium sulfidigenes | Sallam & Steinbuchel, 2009 | ||
* Clostridium swellfunianum | Liu &al., 2015 | ||
* Clostridium symbiosum | Stevens, 1956 | ||
* Clostridium tagluense | Suetin &al., 2009 | ||
* Clostridium tarantellae | (Udey &al., 1977) Lawson & Rainey, 2016 | ||
* Clostridium tepidiprofundi | Slobodkina &al., 2008 | ||
* Clostridium tepidum | Dobritsa &al., 2017 | ||
* Clostridium tertium | (Henry, 1917) Bergey &al., 1923 | ||
* Clostridium tetani | (Flugge, 1886) Bergey &al., 1923 | ||
* Clostridium tetanomorphum | (Bulloch &al., 1919) Wilde &al., 1989 | ||
* Clostridium thermarum | Liu &al., 2021 | ||
* Clostridium thermoalcaliphilum | Li &al., 1994 | ||
* Clostridium thermobutyricum | Weigel &al., 1989 | ||
* Clostridium thermopalmarium | Soh &al., 1991 | ||
* Clostridium thermopapyrolyticum | Mendez &al., 1991 | ||
* Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum | McClung, 1935 | ||
* Clostridium thermosuccinogenes | Drent &al., 1995 | ||
* Clostridium thermosulfurigenes | Schink & Zeikus, 1983 | ||
* Clostridium thiosulfatireducens | Hernandez-Euginio &al., 2002 | ||
* Clostridium tyrobutyricum | van Beynum & Pette, 1935 | ||
* Clostridium uliginosum | Matthies &al., 2001 | ||
* Clostridium villosum | Love &al., 1979 | ||
* Clostridium vincentii | Mountfort &al., 1997 | ||
* Clostridium viride | Buckel &al., 1995 | ||
* Clostridium vulturis | Paek &al., 2015 | ||
* Colwellia aestuarii | Jung &al., 2006 | ||
* Colwellia agarivorans | Xu &al., 2017 | ||
* Colwellia aquaemaris | Liu &al., 2014 | ||
* Colwellia arctica | Wang &al., 2001 | ||
* Candidatus Colwellia aromaticivorans | Campeao &al., 2019 | ||
* Colwellia asteriadis | Choi &al., 2010 | ||
* Colwellia beringensis | Zhang &al., 2017 | ||
* Colwellia chukchiensis | Yu &al., 2011 | ||
* Colwellia demingiae | Bowman &al., 1998 | ||
* Colwellia echini | Christiansen &al., 2018 | ||
* Colwellia hadaliensis | Deming &al., 1988 | ||
* Colwellia hornerae | Bowman &al., 1998 | ||
* Colwellia marinimaniae | Kusube &al., 2017 | ||
* Colwellia maris | Yumoto &al., 1998 | ||
* Colwellia meonggei | Kim &al., 2017 | ||
* Colwellia mytili | Kim &al., 2017 | ||
* Colwellia piezophila | Nogi &al., 2004 | ||
* Colwellia polaris | Zhang &al., 2008 | ||
* Colwellia ponticola | Park &al., 2019 | ||
* Colwellia psychrerythraea | (D’Aoust & Kushner, 1972) Deming &al., 1998 | ||
* Colwellia psychrotropica | Morita & Moyer, 2001 | ||
* Colwellia rossensis | Bowman &al., 1998 | ||
* Colwellia sediminilitoris | Park &al., 2016 | ||
* Colwellia ssp. | Morita & Moyer, 2001 | ||
Cryobacterium arcticum | Bajerski &al., 2011 | ||
Cryobacterium aureum | Liu &al., 2018 | ||
Cryobacterium flavum | Liu &al., 2012 | ||
Cryobacterium levicorallinum | Liu &al., 2013 | ||
Cryobacterium luteum | Liu &al., 2012 | ||
Cryobacterium psychrophilum | Suzuku &al., 1997 | ||
Cryobacterium sp. | Schuerger & Nicholson, 2016 | ||
Cryobacterium psychrotolerans | Zhang &al., 2007 | ||
Cryobacterium roopkundense | Reddy &al., 2010 | ||
Deinococcus actinosclerus | Kim &al., 2018 | ||
Deinococcus aerius | Yang &al., 2009 | ||
Deinococcus aerolatus | Yoo &al., 2010 | ||
Deinococcus aerophilus | Yoo &al., 2010 | ||
Deinococcus aetherius | Yang &al., 2010 | ||
Deinococcus alpinitundrae | Callegan &al., 2008 | ||
Deinococcus altitudinis | Callegan &al., 2008 | ||
Deinococcus aluminii | Kim &al., 2018 | ||
Deinococcus antarcticus | ? | ||
Deinococcus apachensis | Rainey & da Costa, 2005 | ||
Deinococcus aquaticus | Im &al., 2008 | ||
Deinococcus aquatilis | Kampfer &al., 2008 | ||
Deinococcus aquivivus | Kaempferet &al., 2008 | ||
Deinococcus arenae | Lee &al., 2016 | ||
Deinococcus budaensis | Makk &al., 2016 | ||
Deinococcus caeni | Im &al., 2008 | ||
Deinococcus carri | ? | ||
Deinococcus callulosilyticus | Weon &al., 2007 | ||
Deinococcus citri | ? | ||
Deinococcus claudionis | Callegan &al., 2008 | ||
Deinococcus daejeonensis | Srinivasan &al., 2011 | ||
Deinococcus depolymerans | Asker &al., 2011 | ||
Deinococcus deserti | de Groot &al., 2005 | ||
Deinococcus erythromyxa | Brooks & Murray, 1981 | ||
Deinococcus ficus | Shashidhar & Bandekar, 2005 | ||
Deinococcus frigens | Hirsch &al., 2006 | ||
Deinococcus gammatolerans | Srinivasan &al., 2017 | ||
Deinococcus geothermalis | Ferreira &al., 1997 | ||
Deinococcus gobiensis | Yuan &al., 2009 | ||
Deinococcus grandis | Rainey &al., 1997 | ||
Deinococcus hibisci | Moya &al., 2018 | ||
Deinococcus hohokamensis | Rainey &al., 2005 | ||
Deinococcus hopiensis | Rainey &al., 2005 | ||
Deinococcus indicus | Suresh &al., 2004 | ||
Deinococcus knuensis | Lee &al., 2017 | ||
Deinococcus koreense | Kim &al., 2017 | ||
Deinococcus koreensis | Baek &al., 2018 | ||
Deinococcus lacus | Park &al., 2018 | ||
Deinococcus malanensis | Zhu &al., 2017 | ||
Deinococcus maricopensis | Rainey &al., 2005 | ||
Deinococcus marmoris | Hirsch, 2004 | ||
Deinococcus metalli | ? | ||
Deinococcus metallilatus | ? | ||
Deinococcus misasensis | Asker &al., 2008 | ||
Deinococcus multiflagellatus | Kim &al., 2018 | ||
Deinococcus murrayi | Ferreira &al., 1997 | ||
Deinococcus navajonensis | Rainey &al., 2005 | ||
Deinococcus papagonensis | Rainey &al., 2005 | ||
Deinococcus peraridilitoris | Rainey &al., 2007 | ||
Deinococcus persicinus | Jeon &al., 2016 | ||
Deinococcus pimensis | Rainey &al., 2005 | ||
Deinococcus piscis | Shashidhar &al., 2009 | ||
Deinococcus planocerae | Lin &al., 2017 | ||
Deinococcus populi | Lee &al., 2014 | ||
Deinococcus proteolyticus | Kobatake &al., 1973? | ||
Deinococcus puniceus | ? | ||
Deinococcus_radiodurans | Brooks & Murray, 1981 | ||
Deinococcus radiomollis | Callegan, 2008 | ||
Deinococcus radiophilus | Lewis, 1976 | ||
Deinococcus radiopugnans | Davis, 1963 | ||
Deinococcus radioresistens | Srinivasan &al., 2016 | ||
Deinococcus reticulitermitis | Chen &al., 2011 | ||
Deinococcus roseus | Asker &al., 2008 | ||
Deinococcus ruber | Kim &al., 2017 | ||
Deinococcus rufus | Wang &al., 2018 | ||
Deinococcus sahariens | Bouraoui &al., 2012 | ||
Deinococcus saudiensis | |||
Deinococcus saxicola | Hirsch &al., 2006 | ||
Deinococcus sedimenti | Lee &al., 2017 | ||
Deinococcus seoulensis | ? | ||
Deinococcus soli | Zhang &al., 2011; Cha &al., 2016 | ||
Deinococcus sonorensis | Rainey &al., 205 | ||
Deinococcus taklimakanensis | Liu &al., 2017 | ||
Deinococcus wulumuqiensis | Wang &al., 2010 | ||
Deinococcus xibeiensis | Wang &al., 2010 | ||
Deinococcus xianganensis | Zheng &al., 2014 | ||
Deinococcus xinjangensis | Peng &al., 2009 | ||
Deinococcus yavapaiensis | Rainey &al., 2009 | ||
Deinococcus yunweiensis | Zhang &al., 2007 | ||
Desulfobacter sp. | Fashola &al., 2015 | ||
Desulfobulbus sp. | Fashola &al., 2015 | ||
Desulfomicrobium sp. | Fashola &al., 2015 | ||
Desulfovibrio sp. | Fashola &al., 2015 | ||
Desulfosarcina sp. | Fashola &al., 2015 | ||
Desulfotomaculum sp. | Fashola &al., 2015 | ||
Exiguobacterium sp. | Schuerger & Nicholson, 2016 | ||
Ferrimicrobium acidiphilum | Johnson, 1998 | ||
Ferrimicrobium acidiphilus | Fashola &al., 2015 | ||
* Flavobacterium ssp. | Morita & Moyer, 2001 | ||
Gallionella ferruginea | (Fashola &al., 2015) | ||
* Gelidibacter ssp. | Morita & Moyer, 2001 | ||
Geothermobacterium ferrireducens | ? | ||
*+ Halomonas sp. ANT108
(also halotolerant) |
Wang &al., 2020 | ||
† Helicobacter pylori | |||
Hydrogenobacter acidophilus | (Fashola &al., 2015) | ||
*† Hydrogenobacter hydrogenophilus | (Kryukov &al., 1984) Stohr &al., 2001 | ||
*† Hydrogenobacter thermophilus | Kawasumi &al., 1984 | ||
*† Hydrogenobaculum acidophilum (≤70°C) (Hydrogenobacter acidophilus) | Fashola &al., 2015 | ||
Leptospirillum ferriphilum | Lehtovirta-Morley &al., 2014; Zhang &al., 2015 | ||
Leptospirillum ferro(o)xidans | Johnson, 1998; Fashola &al., 2015; Zhang &al., 2015 | ||
Leptospirillum thermoferrooxidans | Johnson, 1998 | ||
* Methylococcus sp. | Morita & Moyer, 2001 | ||
* Microbacterium ssp. | Morita & Moyer, 2001 | ||
* Micrococcus ssp. | Morita & Moyer, 2001 | ||
* Moritella ssp. | Morita & Moyer, 2001 | ||
* Octadecabacter ssp. | Morita & Moyer, 2001 | ||
Paenibacillus sp. | Schuerger & Nicholson, 2016 | ||
** Paenibacillus sp. | Schuerger & Nicholson, 2016 | ||
* Phormidium ssp. | Morita & Moyer, 2001 | ||
* Photobacterium ssp. | Morita & Moyer, 2001 | ||
* Polaribacter ssp. | Morita & Moyer, 2001 | ||
* Polaromonas ssp. | Morita & Moyer, 2001 | ||
* Pseudomonas antarctica | Chauhan &al., 2015 | ||
* Pseudomonas helmanticens | Saurabh &al., 2020 | ||
* Pseudomonas meridiana | Chauhan &al., 2015 | ||
* Pseudomonas proteolytica | Chauhan &al., 2015 | ||
* Pseudomonas psychrophila | Yumoto &al., 2001 | ||
* Pseudomonas ssp. | Morita & Moyer, 2001 | ||
*† Psychrobacter adeliensis | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter aestuarii | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter alimentarius | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter aquaticus | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter aquimaris | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter arcticus | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter arenosus | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter celer | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter cibarius | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter cryohalolentis
(also a halophile?) |
Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter faecalis | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter fozii | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter frigidicola | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter fulvigenes | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter glacincola | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter immobilis | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter jeotgali | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter luti | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter lutiphocae | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter marincola | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter maritimus | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter namhaensis | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter nivimaris | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter okhotskensis | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter pacificensis | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter phenylpyruvicus | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter piscatorii | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter proteolyticus | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter pulmonis | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter salsus | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter sanguinis | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter submarinus | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter urativorans | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
*† Psychrobacter vallis | Garcia-Lopez &al., 2014 | ||
* Psychroserpens ssp. | Morita & Moyer, 2001 | ||
Rhodococcus sp. | Schuerger & Nicholson, 2016 | ||
Rubrobacter aplysinae | Kampfer &al., 2014 | ||
Rubrobacter bracarensis | Jurado &al., 2012 | ||
Rubrobacter calidifluminis | Albuquerque &al., 2014 | ||
Rubrobacter naiadicus | Albuquerque &al., 2014 | ||
Rubrobacter radiotolerans | Yoshinaka &al., 1973 | ||
Rubrobacter taiwanensis | Chen &al., 2004 | ||
Rubrobacter xylanophilus | Carreto &al., 1996 | ||
Rubrobacter wessexii | ? | ||
Streptomyces sp. | Schuerger & Nicholson, 2016 | ||
Serratia ficaria | Schuerger & Nicholson, 2016 | ||
Serratia fonticola | Schuerger & Nicholson, 2016 | ||
Serratia grimesii | Schuerger & Nicholson, 2016 | ||
Serratia liquefaciens | Schuerger & Nicholson, 2016 | ||
Serratia plymuthica | Schuerger & Nicholson, 2016 | ||
Serratia quinivorans | Schuerger & Nicholson, 2016 | ||
Sulfobacillus acidophilus | Johnson, 1998; Fashola &al., 2015 | ||
*†° Sulfobacillus benefaciens | Johnson &al., 2009 | ||
*†° Sulfobacillus sibiricus | Melamud &al., 1996 | ||
*†° Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans | Golovacheva & Karavaiko, 1991 | ||
*†° Sulfobacillus thermotolerans | Bogdanova &al., 2006 | ||
Telmatobacter bradus | () | ||
Thermotoga maritima | ? | ||
Thiobacillus acidophilus | <4 | ? | () |
Thiobacillus dentrificans | (Fashola &al., 2015) | ||
Thiobacillus organovorus | () | ||
Thiobacillus prosperus | Johnson, 1998 | ||
Thiomonas cuprina
(Thiobacillus cuprinus) |
Johnson, 1998 |
References
Schuerger & Nicholson, 2016.
http://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2016.1587
Nicholson &al., 2013.
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1209793110